pharmacological properties of piracetam-like compounds
Pharmacological properties of piracetam-like compounds
Compound | IUPAC name | Potency | Dosage | Bioavailability (%) | Half-life |
Piracetam | 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidineacetamide | Low | 50 to >300mg/kg/d (up to 37 g/d) | ~100 | 4–5h |
Oxiracetam | 2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide | Medium | 25–40mg/kg/d (up to 2.4 g/d) | ~75 | 3–6 h |
Pramiracetam | N-[2-(dipropan-2-ylamino)ethyl]-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide | Medium | 10–20mg/kg/d (1.2 g/d) | ~100 | 2–8 h |
Aniracetam | 1-[(4-methoxybenzoyl)]-2-pyrrolidinone | Medium | 12–25mg/kg/d (1.5g/d) | ~11 | 1–2.5 h |
Phenylpiracetam | 2-(4-phenyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide | High | 2.5–5mg/kg/d (up to 0.75 g/d) | ~100 | 3–5 h |
Levetiracetam | (2S)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamide | Medium | 20–60mg/kg/d (up to 3 g/d) | ~100 | 6–8h |
Brivaracetam | (2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolidin-1-yl]butanamide | Medium | 10–25mg/kg/d (up to 1.4 g/d) | ~90 | 7–8 h |
Seletracetam | (2S)-2-[(4R)-4-(2,2-difluoroethenyl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl]butanamide | High | 0.03–10mg/kg/d (up to 0. 6 g/d) | >90 | 8 h |
Nefiracetam | N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide | Medium | 10–15mg/kg/d (up to 0.9 g/d) | NA | 3–5 h |
Nebracetam | 4-(aminomethyl)-1-benzyl-pyrrolidin-2-one | Medium | 200–800mg/d | NA | NA |
Rolipram | 4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one | High | 0.75–3.0mg/d | >70 | 2h |
Fasoracetam | (5R)-5-(piperidine-1-carbonyl) pyrrolidin-2-one | High | 100mg/d | 79–97 | 4–6.5 h |
Rolziracetam | 2,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizine-3,5-dione | NA | NA | ~90 | <25 min |